Method and apparatus for money transfer

ABSTRACT

A staged bill payment transaction method comprises receiving transaction information, building a staging record at a data center, and providing a retrieval key or code. The staging record comprises the transaction information and the retrieval key or code identifies the staging record for finalizing the transaction.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No.14/880,558, filed Oct. 12, 2015, which is a continuation of U.S.application Ser. No. 14/669,500, filed Mar. 26, 2015 and issued Oct. 27,2015, as U.S. Pat. No. 9,171,297, which is a continuation of U.S.application Ser. No. 14/283,506, filed May 21, 2014 and issued Apr. 7,2015, as U.S. Pat. No. 8,998,079, which is a continuation of U.S.application Ser. No. 13/908,152, filed Jun. 3, 2013 and issued May 27,2014, as U.S. Pat. No. 8,733,636, which is a continuation of U.S.application Ser. No. 13/251,464, filed Oct. 3, 2011 and issued Jun. 4,2013, as U.S. Pat. No. 8,453,923, which is a continuation of U.S.application Ser. No. 12/870,934, filed Aug. 30, 2010 and issued Oct. 4,2011 as U.S. Pat. No. 8,028,901, which is a continuation of U.S.application Ser. No. 11/839,280, filed Aug. 15, 2007 and issued Sep. 21,2010, as U.S. Pat. No. 7,798,397, which is a continuation-in-part ofU.S. application Ser. No. 11/068,090, filed Feb. 28, 2005 and issuedAug. 21, 2007, as U.S. Pat. No. 7,258,268, each of which is incorporatedby reference herein.

BACKGROUND

The present invention relates to an apparatus and methods fortransferring money or monetary value. More specifically, the presentinvention relates to a system for managing data to perform send, receiveand payment transactions for money transfers.

It is increasingly common for funds to be transferred electronically.This can occur from individual to individual or from business tobusiness or between an individual and a business. The transfers mayoccur within one country or across borders, from one country intoanother, and thus may involve a currency change.

In some cases one or both of the individuals or businesses involved maylack an account at a bank or a credit card. Thus, the funds for thetransfer often must be provided in cash (or equivalent) and the payoutto the recipient may also preferably be in cash (or equivalent).

Large bank and non-bank financial institutions are involved in moneytransfers. To extend their geographical coverage, the institutionsengage agents and may equip them with specialized terminals or otherfacilities to facilitate communications necessary for money transfers.The personnel of such agents may not be well educated or highly trainedand may do several other tasks (such as service as retail sales clerks).This requires a system that is easy to use, requires a minimum ofequipment, deters mistakes and fraud and minimizes agent personnel time.

One method of initiating or staging such transactions has been the useof a call center that receives calls from persons wishing to transfermoney or to receive money transferred. The call center representativecollects information sufficient to stage a transaction and provides thecaller with a reference or retrieval number that the caller then takesto an agent to fulfill the staged transaction, whether it is a send,receive, bill payment or other transaction. The call center transactionstaging interaction results in a staged transaction record thatfacilitates the fulfillment agent's work to finalize the transaction.

While the call center can provide a personal touch to the service, itsstaffing can be expensive and may require personnel with speciallanguage skills in several languages. In addition, such personnelrequire additional training when procedures and systems are changed.

The agent who is involved in fulfillment may have a compact customterminal specifically designed for transactions of this type or theagent may have more generalized point of sale device, such as anelectronic cash register, equipped with a scanning device for productbarcodes, for check reading or optical character recognition or formagnetic card reading, which has associated software for money transfertransactions. Generally, to fulfill a staged transaction, the agent isrequired to call up and review a record and follow instructionsassociated with a particular transaction. The agent may enterinformation to call up the transaction record and to provide new orupdated transaction details. This takes time and involves theopportunity for error in manual inputting of information.

To make money transfers efficient and to handle the large volume,electronic systems may be used and it is desirable that personnel timeis minimized. Thus, there is a need for improved money transfer systemsand methods that assist the parties involving in complying with theapplicable regulations in various jurisdictions that provide proceduresto minimize the amount of personnel time per transaction and that areotherwise economically efficient.

SUMMARY

The present invention, in one embodiment, is a method of performing amoney transfer that involves receiving information at an automated kioskfrom a user for a money transfer transaction, including a transactiontype selection and, responsive to the information from the user receivedat the kiosk, building a staging record for the transaction. The stagingrecord includes at least a retrieval key to identify the staging recordand a transaction type identifier. The method provides to the senderfrom the kiosk a machine readable staged transaction token with staginginformation stored thereon, including the retrieval key for use intransaction fulfillment.

While multiple embodiments are disclosed, still other embodiments of thepresent invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art fromthe following detailed description, which shows and describesillustrative embodiments of the invention. As will be realized, theinvention is capable of modifications in various obvious aspects, allwithout departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Accordingly, the drawings and detailed description are to be regarded asillustrative in nature and not restrictive.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a system for performing moneytransfer send, receive and payment transactions.

FIG. 2 is a chart showing an example of transaction amount ranges andthe corresponding required identification and information, developed fora money transfer system, based on government laws and regulations.

FIGS. 3A-3C are charts showing interactions involved in performing moneytransfer send transaction staging and funding/finalizing with a callcenter.

FIGS. 4A-4C are charts showing interactions involved in performing moneytransfer receive transaction staging and fulfillment with a call center.

FIGS. 5A and 5B are schematic diagrams showing the fields used in a sendstaging record and in a committed send transaction record.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the fields used in a receivestaging record.

FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a system for performing moneytransfer send, receive and payment transactions using a staging kiosk.

FIGS. 8A-8L are screenshots showing the sequence of steps performed at astaging kiosk.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the steps performed when a stagedtransaction token is read at a POS device integrated with a financialinstitution interface.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Basic Elements of System with Call Center. FIG. 1 is a schematic blockdiagram of a system 100 for performing money transfer send and receivetransactions. In the system as shown in FIG. 1, users (who at varioustimes may be senders or recipients) 10 use a telephone or othercommunication device 20 to contact a customer service representative(CSR) 30 at a call center (or network) 32. The CSR will be one ofseveral working at the center (or network) 32 and receivingcommunications from users 10 using one of the plurality of communicationdevices 20 via a transmission path 22. The devices 20 are spread overthe geography served by a financial institution that operates the moneytransfer system. For example, a device 20 may be a home telephone or maybe a dedicated telephone located at an agent office. One purpose of auser CSR interaction is for a sender to stage a send transaction fromthe sender to a person or entity, who may be located in the same countryor in a different country from the sender. A second purpose of auser-CSR transaction is for a recipient to stage a receive transaction,once a committed send transaction makes funds available. A commonpurpose in both of these situations is to do much of the compliance workand other transaction preparation, so as to reduce the activity and timethat is required in the later interaction with an agent.

FIG. 1 also shows that persons 12 who are senders who have staged atransfer or recipients who have staged a receive transaction may go toan agent office where there are agent terminals 50. There may be one ormore agent offices with one or more agent terminals 50 spread over thegeography served by a financial institution that operates the moneytransfer system. The agent terminals 50 typically are set up to handleat least two kinds of interactions and transactions. First, if thesender 12 has previously dealt with a CSR and set up a send stagingrecord, then the sender will go to the agent office to finalize the sendwith an actual requested send amount and fees and to make the payment tothe agent that enables the send to be finalized. Second, if the sendtransaction has already been funded and finalized and the committedtransaction record is available for receiving at agent terminals 50(typically the recipient has staged the receive transaction), therecipient 12 can go to an agent office to obtain the funds sent.

FIG. 1 shows that the CSR 30 has a terminal 40 that is used to build asend staging record based on information provided to the CSR by thesender 10 or a receive staging record based on information provided tothe CSR by a recipient 10. The terminal 40 is in communication with acentral computer system or data center 120 via a transmission path 42,which may be a telephone line, data line, or other wired or wirelesslink, e.g., a leased line or a link using the Internet. The transmissionpath 42 terminates at a communications module 124 that can passinformation to and from any of the software modules running on thehardware 110 and its operating system 112. The software modules includeapplications 122 that implement the various functions discussed below.The data used by applications 122 and other software includes stagingrecords 130, records incorporating compliance rules 132 and committedsend transaction records 134. These may be in one or more separatedatabases. In one embodiment, separate databases are used, because thecommitted send transactions are in a financial records database that isprotected with greater security measures.

FIG. 1 also shows that agent terminals 50 are in communication with thecentral computer system or data center 120 via a transmission path 52,which may be a telephone line, data line, or wired or wireless link. Thetransmission path 52 terminates at the communications module 124. FIG. 1further shows that the central computer 120 receives updated exchangerate and fee information from data source 140, which derives theinformation from various market data and internal sources of thefinancial institution.

Automation of portions of the system as shown in FIG. 1 is possible. Inone embodiment, where the device 20 is a telephone, the terminal 40 isan automated voice-response terminal and the human CSRs functions aretaken over by the terminal 40 and its controlling software. In anotherembodiment, the device 20 is itself a terminal 40 at which a user 10 isguided through entry of information at a keyboard, touch-screen or othersimilar device to provide information to a terminal where there is ahuman CSR to review the inputs and intervene if needed, or the device 20may interact with an automated terminal 40 or with software running on aCPU at the terminal 40 or at the data center 120. In the latter case,functions of the call center 32 and the CSR are performed as part of thedata center 120 operations. Interactions with the CSR becometelecommunications interactions with software executing at the datacenter 120. The call center 32 becomes a component of the data center120. In these scenarios, as in the less-automated situation depicted inFIG. 1, the user input by voice or manual entry provides the informationnecessary to build the staging record for the desired transaction.

The call center 32 may be a single geographical location or a number oflocations linked together to provide sufficient CSRs 30 and/or terminals40, with appropriate language capability to effectively handle thecontacts initiated at the devices 20. Because the devices 20 may belocated in multiple jurisdictions and the CSRs would typically not be inthe same jurisdiction as the users, during the CSR-user interaction theCSR 30 must obtain location information relevant to the transaction fromthe user 10 at the specific device 20 employed by the user 10.

As noted above, the money transfer operations of interest are subject tostate and/or federal laws and regulations (and potentially laws ofmultiple nations). The financial institution needs to ensure as far aspossible that all its money transfer transactions are executed incompliance with the applicable laws and regulations. These vary byjurisdiction. Thus, the applications 122 that are used to stage andcarry through send transactions and receive transactions are configuredto apply the necessary laws and regulations by the way the softwareapplications 122 are written and by software interaction with compliancerules that may be specified in a compliance rules data base 132.

Compliance Rules. FIG. 2 shows an example of the kind of compliancerules that may be implemented in a data structure and database in amoney transfer system. In this simplified example, there are U.S. lawsand regulations, and State A within the U.S. has its own laws andregulations for money transfer send transactions that originate withinits borders and money transfer receive transactions that occur with arecipient going to an agent within its borders. The example also showsthat transactions between the U.S. and a country outside the U.S.(“OUS”) may have different compliance rules than for transactions wherethe sender and recipient are both in the U.S.

The general nature of these laws and regulations is that they includeidentification requirements, which escalate as the transaction amountincreases. This applies to both send and receive money transfertransactions. There usually is also an absolute maximum amount that canbe sent or received. When a transaction occurs within the U.S. and doesnot involve State A and, assuming for simplicity that no other stateshave applicable laws and regulations, then the federal laws andregulations apply. When a transaction occurs across U.S. borders, at aminimum U.S. laws and regulations must be applied, whether the transferis from the U.S. or into the U.S. State laws and regulations may also beapplicable. As countries outside the U.S. become interested inregulating money transfers, these will develop laws and regulations thatwill apply when a transaction has certain relationships to suchcountries.

FIG. 2 thus shows a set of compliance rules based on laws andregulations for send and receive transactions within the U.S., but notinvolving a sender or a recipient in State A (“US to US”). FIG. 2 alsoshows a separate set of compliance rules based on laws and regulationsfor send and receive transactions within the U.S., where there is asender or a recipient subject to the laws of State A (“State A to US”;“US to State A”). Finally, FIG. 2 shows a separate set of compliancerules that may apply for money transfers that cross a U.S. border withthe send or the receive occurring in the U.S., but the correspondingreceive or send occurring outside the U.S. (“US to OUS”; “OUS to US”).This table may have parameters selected to satisfy U.S. law, the law ofa particular state and also laws of a jurisdiction outside the U.S.

The compliance rules may use compliance criteria that match exactly thelaws and regulations of the applicable jurisdictions or criteria thatare somewhat more stringent but perhaps easier to implement, e.g.,taking into account agent resources and risks or configured to satisfyor be compatible with the legal regimes of more than one jurisdiction.The financial institution may by reason of its own concerns about fraud,require more or different identification/information (or the sameidentification but for lower amounts transferred) than what the laws orregulations would require. Typically, the laws and regulations create atleast two ranges for transaction size, a first, lower range (or firsttransaction size “window”) from zero (or some minimum) up to a firstmaximum send/receive amount, and a second, higher range (or secondtransaction size “window”) from the first maximum up to a second maximumsend/receive amount. Frequently three ranges (or “windows”) defined bythe maximum send/receive amount are involved, and the tables in FIG. 2show this. Each window has corresponding compliance data requirements(appearing in FIG. 2 to the right of the amount column).

Thus, in the table for the U.S. shown first in FIG. 2, for sendtransactions, the first range runs from $0.01 up to $A and the secondrange runs from $A to $B, where B is greater than A, while the thirdrange runs from $B up to $C, where C is greater than B. For example, thefollowing actual amounts might be used: A=$300, B=$600 and C=$5000.Further, in the table for the U.S. shown first in FIG. 2, for receivetransactions, the first range runs from $0.01 up to $D and the secondrange runs from $D to $E, where E is greater than D, while the thirdrange runs from $E up to $F, where F is greater than E. For example, thefollowing actual amounts might be used: D=$400, E=$800 and F=$8000. Ofcourse, the amounts could also be the same for the each of thecorresponding levels on the send and receive charts, such that A=D, B=Eand C=F, or the same for just some levels.

The tables for transactions involving state A have levels, A1, B1, C1,D1, E1, F1, which may differ from the previously-discussed U.S. table inat least one of the level values and perhaps in all. Similarly, thetables for transactions involving the U.S. and a foreign (OUS) countryhave levels, A2, B2, C2, D2, E2, F2, which may differ from the U.S.table or the state A chart in at least one of the level values andperhaps in all. In particular, the chart may need to express some levelsin a foreign currency instead of a U.S. dollar equivalent. More (orfewer) charts and levels can be implemented in the compliance rulesdatabase 132, as required for compliance with the laws and regulationsgoverning where the institution wants to offer service.

As presently configured, the three sets of charts each have threewindows for send transactions and for receive transactions. Also each ofthe three send windows in each set have the same compliance data at thecorresponding middle and high levels and each of the three receivewindows in each set have the same compliance data at the correspondinglow, middle and high levels. Thus, if a transaction falls in the middlelevel send window in any chart, the compliance data rules for the middlelevel send window in any other chart will be the same, even if theamount ranges defining the window are different. However, the charts mayalso be configured so that the windows at any level could differ notonly in the ranges for transaction amount but also in the requiredcompliance data. Or the charts could have the same amount ranges butwith different required compliance data. The common compliance datarequirements at all or most of the respective levels (as shown in FIG.2) simplify compliance analysis and moving from one set of compliancerules to another.

As will be seen below, in the course of staging a transaction, the CSRwill collect sender and recipient location information and use that todetermine the applicable jurisdiction (e.g., U.S., State A, OUS country)for a staging phase compliance analysis of both the send and receivesides. This information is often simply what the user verbally reportsto the CSR and may not be reliable. Locations reported also may not bethe same as the location of a send agent later used to finalize thestaged transaction or of the receive agent. Thus, when a send or receivetransaction is actually finalized, the actual geographic location of theagent involved will be reported to or determined by the system. This canagain be a value reported to or known to the agent, but is preferably aprogrammed value that is part of an agent terminal profile, specifiedwhen the terminal is installed and configured, so that no person need betrusted to accurately or honestly provide the information fordetermining compliance. The programmed value may be an actualjurisdiction name or code or an address or Zip code or some agentidentifier from which the applicable jurisdiction may be found.Alternatively, a real-time GPS location signal might be used to find thelocation and derive the applicable compliance jurisdiction, if theconfigured information was not reliable or if the agent terminal mightbe mobile.

As can be seen from the compliance rules tables in FIG. 2, each rowrepresents a compliance level, i.e., a window or range withcorresponding compliance data requirements for transactions in thatrange. The lowest send amounts may require the sender or recipient toprovide an address or an address and photo ID. The larger send amountsmay, in addition to the requirements of the lower level(s), require alegal ID (e.g., driver's license, passport, alien card, etc.),occupation information and perhaps other compliance information. Inaddition, if a third party assists a sender or recipient (e.g., ason/daughter aiding a disabled parent) identification of the third partymay be required for the staging record. While the tables in FIG. 2 arerelatively simple and might be grasped and implemented by skilledpersonnel without being built into software, it should be noted that forless skilled personnel, applying these rules consistently could be achallenge. With any significant increase in the number of jurisdictionswith separate laws and regulations, the task becomes difficult orimpossible to perform consistently even for a skilled person. A furtherissue is that some personnel may desire to avoid the rules, if they arenot made mandatory by the system. As a result, the software implementingthe compliance rules is an effective way to provide both guidance anddiscipline to ensure compliance. The compliance rules 132 may beimplemented at the data center 120 as shown, at the CSR terminals 40 orat the agent terminals 50, or at more than one of these. Implementationat the data center 120 and remote communication as needed simplifies anyupdating required.

Methods and Interactions. In the prior art, it has been typical for sendtransactions to have both a staging phase and a funding or fulfillmentphase. For example, in accordance with some of the teachings of U.S.Pat. No. 6,502,747, a sender has direct access to an employee of afinancial services institution and provides the employee sendtransaction details. These details are stored in a database andtypically include the desired amount of money to be sent. A code is thenestablished for the sender to use during the send transaction, i.e., infulfillment. The sender enters or causes to be entered into anelectronic transaction fulfillment device the code, which causes thestored transaction details to be retrieved. The amount of money to becollected from the sender is computed and the sender pays this amount toset up the send transaction. Once the send transaction is established,the sender can inform the recipient and provide the recipient with anytransaction identification number or information that may be required.The recipient can then proceed to an agent of the financial servicesinstitution and present identification or whatever is required torelease to the recipient the amount sent.

In this kind of system it has been noted that some issues occur. Thesender may arrive at the fulfillment site with too little funds tofulfill the staged transaction, either by misunderstanding or becausethere has been a change in pricing or the sender changes his/her mind.The transaction as staged must then be corrected somehow. This eithertakes agent time or leads back to another staging interaction. Thesender may stage the send transaction in one jurisdiction and fulfill itin another. In that case, the compliance work done in staging may nolonger be appropriate. The transaction as fulfilled may no longer be incompliance and may need to be re-staged. These situations could resultin compliance violations. They can decrease efficiency and thus increasecost to the financial institution and/or agent. They can also befrustrating to customers.

In the present system and method, the staging record is created in a CSRinteraction without being tied to a fixed send amount. Instead, acompliance window or range is identified based on proposed send amount,then-available location information and the compliance rules. The CSRrequests and sends to the data center the compliance data required bythe applicable compliance level rules and provided by the sender. Theprovided compliance data is documented in the staging record. That is,the staging record is applicable to a range of transactions according tothe compliance window applied and the compliance requirements that havebeen met for that window. With an efficiently defined compliance ruleset, a higher level staging record is applicable also to “lower”compliance windows (at least in the same jurisdiction).

At the agent, the sender provides a requested send amount as part offinalizing the transaction. Responsive to the amount and the agentlocation, the system performs a second analysis using the applicablecompliance rules to identify the specific applicable compliance windowson the send and receive side. The system then proceeds to determine ifthe transaction can be finalized. It must be consistent with thecompliance windows determined based on proposed send amount and on thespecific location of the agent who will collect the funds and theexpected location for the receive, taking into consideration thecompliance data provided by the sender and documented in the stagingrecord. Assuming the transaction to be finalized is consistent with thenow-identified compliance windows (which may be the same as the onesidentified at staging or may be different), the transaction can proceed.If required by an applicable compliance window, the agent is prompted toconfirm that the sender presents identification that matches at least aportion of the compliance data stored. Assuming compliance requirementsare met, the agent can finalize the send transaction. As will be seen,the compliance windows identified as governing for the send stagingrecord may be used to test compliance of the transaction to befinalized, or, based on revisiting the compliance rules, new compliancewindows may be identified and applied. In most instances, thetransaction staging will work to set up finalizing, because the sendamount that the user requests at the agent is within the compliancewindows that govern for finalizing and the compliance data are alreadyin place in the staging record. However, the compliance rules arere-applied during finalizing, and if testing of the transaction to befinalized determines that it is not consistent with the compliancewindows now identified as governing, it must be rejected or made toconform. This may mean lowering the amount of the send to fit a lowerlevel compliance window. The agent can change this parameter andresubmit the transaction. A transaction that cannot be made to conformby lowering the amount requires restaging. (Although a terminal at theagent could be configured and connected to permit a transaction to berestaged at the agent, the usual business model for agents makes itdesirable for them to spend only a limited time on each userinteraction.)

FIGS. 3A-3C show one embodiment of the interactions that are part of themethod and implemented in the system of the present application for asend transaction. As set forth in FIGS. 3A-3C, the method has a phasefor send transaction staging and a subsequent phase for send transactionfinalizing. FIGS. 3A-3C in three columns show actions and communications(direction indicated by “>” or “<”) for sender, call center and datacenter (central computer system). The actions and communicationsinvolved in send transaction staging start at the top left of the firstchart in FIG. 3A and progress downward and across and back. Similarly,the second chart in FIGS. 3B and 3C shows actions and communicationsinvolved in send transaction finalizing. Reference should be made tothese charts for the details of the actions and communications.

FIGS. 3A-3C show the application of compliance rules 132 stored at thedata center 120 (FIG. 1). In send transaction staging, the senderprovides: sender name, address; recipient name and location; proposedsend amount (PSA); and additional transaction information as required.The CSR keys in the information and communicates it to the data center.The data center receives the PSA and other data and uses these toprovide a price quote, determine a compliance level and window (based onapplicable regulations) and start a send staging record. The senderaddress or location information and recipient location are used at thedata center to determine pricing (for which the institution may haveregional or agent group variations) and to do the initial determinationon what compliance rules apply. The CSR receives the quote to report tosender. The data center prompts the CSR for compliance data needed percompliance rules, responsive to the compliance level determined by thePSA and sender-provided locations. The CSR asks for complianceinformation corresponding to the applicable levels (windows) in theapplicable compliance rules chart. Both the send side and the receiveside of the transaction must be compliant, so both the send and receiveportions of the applicable charts in FIG. 2 are checked. The senderprovides the compliance data per CSR request. The data center receivesand processes compliance data and stores the resulting compliance datain staging record fields, with a retrieval no. (retrieval key)facilitating later recovery. The CSR reports the price quote to thesender.

In defining the request for compliance information that the CSR makes,the data center will apply the compliance rules to identify thecompliance windows that govern and determine the corresponding requiredlevels of compliance information and the compliance data to be storedfor that level. For example, if the location provided by the senderindicates the “US to US” send rules apply, then the data center uses thePSA to determine which one of the following windows and correspondingcompliance data applies:

-   -   $0.01 up to $A: address    -   $A up to $B: compliance data for level below, plus photo ID,        defined by ID Type, ID no., ID issuer and Legal ID    -   $B up to $C: compliance data for level below, plus occupation,        any 3rd party information and other compliance information.        Once the sender has provided and the staging record includes the        required compliance data, the sender will be able to use the        staging record for finalizing any send transaction that is        within the corresponding window or any window “below” it (i.e.,        a window with lesser compliance data requirements, encompassed        by the level above), unless changed circumstances cause another        compliance window to be the governing one.

The actual format of the compliance data as stored at staging can vary.In one embodiment, the compliance data mirrors all the data actuallyprovided by the sender, i.e., ID type, issuing authority, ID number,etc. In another embodiment, one or more compliance level codes orderived values is used to represent parts of the compliance data or tospecify the compliance window or an aspect of it. In a furtherembodiment, the compliance data is summarized in the form of the maximumPSA that defines the compliance window for a particular jurisdiction.Other variations are possible, but the common element is that thestaging record captures the results of the initial analysis to establishthe applicable compliance windows and to collect the compliance datarequired. When the sender attempts to finalize a send transaction at anagent, the compliance rules are re-applied to determine what compliancewindows are applicable, and the staging record is consulted to see whatcompliance data is already collected. This provides a basis for testinga requested send amount that is about to be funded at a particularagent, against the now-identified governing compliance windows, to seeif the requested send amount and existing compliance data are consistentwith the applicable compliance rules. This will also determine whatactual identification documentation (if any) the agent is instructed toreview and report as viewed/not viewed.

In finalizing a send transaction, the information of the send stagingrecord is referenced and portions re-used to formulate a committed sendtransaction record. Because funds will be collected at the agent and thefinancial institution will commit to making a payout, pricing (includingfees and any applicable exchange rate) may be re-checked and compliancepredetermined as needed. As seen in the send transaction finalizingportion of FIGS. 3B and 3C, there are interactions between the sender,the agent and the data center. (The agent may be a person with aterminal or an un-staffed terminal (kiosk) sufficiently automated toperform both the interaction and communication functions.) To startfinalizing, the agent asks the sender for the retrieval no. suppliedupon completion of send staging and the requested send amount. Thisamount may be the same as or different from the proposed send amountdiscussed in staging. The agent keys in the retrieval no. and amount. Inone embodiment, the terminal provides agent location information (butthis could also be done by manual entry by the agent). The data centerreceives the retrieval no. and use the retrieval no. to retrieve thestaging record. The data center detects transaction type from the record(send/receive/payment) and sends the record to the agent.

At the agent, the retrieved staging record and send amount are combinedin the terminal 50, then sent to the data center 120 for initialpricing. The data center computes the initial pricing and appliescompliance rules and sends results to terminal 50. It should be notedthat the data center has now re-determined compliance using therequested send amount and the location information from the terminal 50,which may be different from location information use4 for compliance forthe staging record. The data center 120 communicates its determinationsto the agent terminal 50 and (assuming the test for consistency withcompliance rules is affirmative, i.e., the transaction to be finalizedfits the applicable compliance windows) the agent asks the sender toconfirm the transaction. Once the sender confirms the transaction, theagent asks for the sender's photo ID (if required), e.g., driver'slicense, passport, or alien card or for some other documentation that isrelevant to the compliance data required and stored in the stagingrecord. The sender provides the photo ID. The agent checks the photo IDoffered and enters “Yes” or “No” at the terminal to indicate whether thephoto ID (issuer, name, number, etc.) was verified. The retrievedstaging record and send amount transmitted from the agent terminal 50are used at the data center to: develop final pricing for the send andmake a final check on compliance (based on the compliance rules in thecharts (FIG. 2) embodying state and federal regulations. Bothdeterminations are done now with the final amount and specificjurisdiction for the agent location known. The data center either sendsfinal pricing or declines the transaction, if the test against theapplicable compliance windows is not affirmative. This can occur whenthe send amount is over a compliance window limit; or if insufficientcompliance data has been recorded for the requested send transaction(under the now applicable compliance requirements).

Because the compliance rules are configured with windows or ranges foramounts and with the same or relatively uniform compliance datarequirements at the respective levels (with more compliance datarequired for higher levels), the transaction presented to the agentusually will be able to proceed. However, if the user increased the sendamount or if the user has now used an agent located in a jurisdictiondifferent than where staging was located, then different pricing andcompliance rules may be applied. If these cause the transactionpresented to be inconsistent with the compliance data recorded instaging (viewed under the applicable compliance windows), then thetransaction may require re-staging. A change in currency exchange ratesmay also arise between the time of staging and the time of finalizing asend, and final pricing will be affected. After the sender pays theprice (equal to the send amount plus fees), the agent confirms paymenthas been received and the agent terminal sends the transaction recordwith send amount, agent jurisdiction, and (if required) whether photo IDwas verified to the data center again for commitment. The agent giveschange, gets a signed receipt and provides a consumer receipt to thesender. The receipt has the reference no. assigned (committed sendtransaction no.). The transaction is committed at the data center bycompleting the committed send transaction record, with the status markedas open for payment (ready to receive).

Some examples show how the final test for consistency with compliancerules work. If a sender staged based on a send amount that wasacceptable in staging as less than $A and less than $D under US to UScompliance rules, but at an agent in the same jurisdiction used forstaging the sender requests to send $X, falling in the compliancewindows $A up to $B and/or $D up to $E, then the compliance window usedfor staging will be exceeded. The transaction will need to be reducedbelow $A and $D or to be restaged with a CSR collecting all neededcompliance data for a higher-level compliance window. Similarly, if, forexample, the sender staged a send that was acceptable as less than $Aand $D under US to US compliance rules and now requests to send the samefrom State A, the data center needs to determine whether the amountfalls in the compliance windows $0.01 up to $A1 or in $A1 up to $B1 and$0.01 up to $D1 and $D1 up to $E1, because $A and $A1 and $D and $D1 maynot be the same. If a compliance window defined by the compliance rulesof State A and now identified as applicable has been exceeded, thetransaction will need to be reduced or restaged, with a CSR collectingall needed compliance data under the rules for the applicable level ofcompliance for a send from State A.

FIGS. 4A-4C show the interactions that are part of the method andimplemented in the system of the present application for a receivetransaction. As set forth in FIGS. 4A-4C, the method has a phase forreceive transaction staging and a subsequent phase for receivetransaction fulfillment. As with the actions and communications in FIGS.3A-3C, the information provided to the CSR and the later interactionwith the agent lead to two separate compliance rule analyses, which maylead to different results, if the same compliance rules are not applied.For a receive, the sent amount is fixed, so there will be no problemfrom a change in that amount, but there can be different jurisdictionsinvolved in receive staging and in fulfilling a receive. Thus, theactions and communications in FIGS. 4A-4C for a receive staging andfulfillment are very similar to FIGS. 3A-3C, but simpler. One differenceis that the receive can only be staged if the transaction status isunpaid (open for payment). Obviously, as soon as a recipient payout hasoccurred, the transaction status will go from unpaid to paid, to avoidduplicate payout. A second difference is that in receive fulfillment,the agent is not collecting money but paying it out, according toguidance from the agent terminal. Details can be found in FIGS. 4A-4C.

Compliance Table Interaction. In determining compliance rules, theapplications 122 may need to apply compliance rules from more than onejurisdiction. To address this, the application logic can either (a)perform a computation that combines two or more compliance rule tablesinto a table that contains the strictest requirements for transactionsof various size ranges, or (b) apply the tables of multiplejurisdictions sequentially for a given transaction, using a rule thatselects the strictest requirement on both the send and receive sidesapplicable to a particular transaction size. The former may lead (ineffect) to more compliance windows being defined, so that compliancewindows are combined for a range where they require the same compliancedata, but for any range where the multiple tables to be applied specifydifferent compliance data, a new sub-range is defined that states thestrictest rules. Thus, a transaction will be staged or finalized so asto satisfy the requirements of all applicable compliance rules byapplying the strictest requirements of the applicable compliancewindows.

Data Structures. The use of the system and method for a send transactionresults in the creation of several data records. The staging phaseresults in a send transaction staging record. The funding/finalizingstage results in a final (or committed) send transaction record.

As best seen in FIG. 5A, a send transaction staging record 500 maytypically include the following fields:

-   -   Staging Retrieval Key 510    -   Sender Name 512    -   Sender ID Data (address, . . . ) 514    -   Recipient Name/Location 516    -   Recipient Security Data (optional) 518    -   Compliance Data 520    -   Additional Transaction Information 522    -   Expiration Date 524

As discussed above, the content of the Compliance Data field 520 willvary according to what compliance rules are applied and according to theabove discussed options for the format of that data. AdditionalTransaction Information 522 can include a transaction type code or anydata used to further define the type of transaction or special detailsof its execution. In one embodiment, a send transaction staging recordwill be purged as soon as a corresponding committed send transaction iscreated using data from the staging record. However, in anotherembodiment the staging record can be saved with an expiration date. TheExpiration Date field 524 may be used if a user is likely to enter intoa series of similar transactions. The record stays available as areusable staging record until the expiration date. Thus, it may bere-used by the sender and agent until that expiration date to streamlinethe sender's next agent interaction. Because the staging record isintended to enable finalizing any send transaction for which the senderhas provided sufficient data to pass a compliance test associated withapplicable compliance windows, the send staging record stores noproposed send amount.

The data center 120 can perform an analysis of usage history for aparticular sender or for a relevant subset of senders to determine sendtransaction frequency. Such empirical analyses can be used to determineone or more appropriate time periods (e.g., three weeks, 35 days) forsetting an expiration date, so that records last long enough to beuseful for the next transaction but do not get stale and are not keptunnecessarily.

As best seen in FIG. 5B, a committed send transaction record 550 maytypically include the following fields:

-   -   Send Transaction Key or Identifier 560    -   Send Amount 562    -   Service Type 564    -   Fees 566    -   Sender Name 568    -   Sender ID Data (address, . . . ) 570    -   Recipient Name/Location 572    -   Recipient Security Data (optional) 574    -   Compliance Data 576    -   Additional Transaction Information 578    -   Retention Information (optional) 580    -   Status 582

The fields in this record are self-evident or have been discussed above,with certain exceptions. The Service Type field 564 permits the sendtransaction to be performed with different modes of payout, other than arecipient visiting an agent for receive fulfillment. In areas where homedelivery of the payout is available, or other forms of pick-up ordelivery, these service types can be specified here. The RecipientSecurity Data 574 is a field that is used when it is desirable thatidentity of the recipient be better authenticated before payout. Here,in addition to whatever compliance information is required of arecipient, the recipient must answer a test question or provide someother identifying information that is defined by this field. The use ofthis field can be initiated by the sender or by the financialinstitution, for fraud deterrence. The Status field 582 is of particularimportance because it defines whether the payout liability is still open(ready to receive) or is closed, because payout has been made. Theoptional Retention Information data 580 may be present to specify aperiod for keeping the record, which may be a regulatory requirement orpart of the financial institution's record retention policy.

The committed send transaction records are records that represent thefinancial institution's obligations to make payments, as incurred by theagents and their interactions with the data center. Accordingly, theseare normally kept in a database with high security levels againsttampering and with advanced back-up and other disaster protection.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the fields used in a receivestaging record 600. A receive transaction staging record 600 maytypically include the following fields:

-   -   Staging Retrieval Key 610    -   Recipient Name 612    -   Recipient ID Data (address, . . . ) 614    -   Send Transaction Pointer 616    -   Recipient Security Data (optional) 618    -   Compliance Data 620    -   Additional Transaction Information 622    -   Expiration Date (optional) 624

As discussed above, the content of the Compliance Data field 620 willvary according to what compliance rules are applied to the receivetransaction and according to the above discussed options for the formatof that data. The Send Transaction Pointer 616 is used to locate thecommitted send transaction record. This may be a direct pointer or apointer to an index of some other list of pointers.

For all of the above records, the fields may contain the data itself ora pointer to it and may be structured as a flat file or according to therules for a relational database or other suitable database format.

Payment Transactions. In addition to the send and receive transactions,the system and method described are suitable also for a paymenttransaction whereby a sender may send money to one of a list of billersthat have developed a payment processing arrangement with the financialinstitution. Such billers may be utilities, car purchase financingorganizations and the like. Referring again to FIG. 1, here the senderstages a send to make a payment to the biller by calling the CSR 30 andidentifying the biller and the proposed payment/send amount. Once thishas been staged, then the sender 10 goes to an agent terminal 50 to makethe payment and cause the data center 120 to create the committed sendrecord. This send amount then corresponds to a payment that thefinancial institution will make to an account of the biller forcrediting to the sender's account with the biller. As with aperson-to-person send, fees are typically charged and paid to the agent.There is pricing performed at both staging and finalizing, and the sendtransaction to the biller is equally subject to the compliance rules,applied in the same way. One additional operation that may occur with apayment transaction is entry of the user's account number with thebiller, and checking of that account number to determine that it followsthe biller's format and content rules for such numbers.

The actions and communications as set forth in the send staging and sendfinalizing phases of FIGS. 3A-3C apply generally to a paymenttransaction, except that the recipient is a biller, not an individual,and is usually sufficiently identified by a biller ID number. This willcorrespond to a particular entity at a particular location. RecipientSecurity Data typically is not needed, so the field may be left blankwhen this type of transaction is staged or be used for other information(such as sender account number at the biller). There is no need to havereceive staging and receive fulfillment, because the payment sent issettled to the biller's account by settlement arrangements between thefinancial institution and the biller. Status information is handleddifferently, because the financial institution controls the transfer tothe biller's bank account, which corresponds to payout.

In another embodiment, the payment is made not to a biller but to aperson or rather that person's account in an institution. Thus, the sendmight be made to the account of a prison inmate or to a student account.Again no receive staging or fulfillment is needed.

Agent Terminal and Profile. The agent terminal 50 can take a variety offorms, including a specialized terminal with its own processor andon-board memory intended to have small counter “footprint” or a personalcomputer that is programmed with software to perform the desired agentoperations but may also have other uses, e.g., as a component of a cashregister. To communicate properly with the data center 120, the terminalmust be configured. Also, the financial institution may want to ensurethat the terminal 50 is governed by any business rules that have beenagreed with the agent or agent group. Thus, the terminal may beconfigured with a profile that includes geographical information asmentioned above but also transaction size limits or services limits oroptions that are part of the agreed business rules. These rules can thenbe implemented as a transaction filter that is applied before atransaction is submitted for compliance analysis as discussed above.Thus, if a transaction is outside the agent amount limits on a send orreceive, the rules at the terminal will cause that to be noted in amessage displayed at the terminal, before the transaction is transmittedfrom the terminal to the data center. Similarly, a transaction that isnot available at a particular agent can be flagged by local filtering atthe agent terminal.

Basic Elements of System with Staging Kiosk. Additional efficiency inmoney transfer can be obtained with the use of a staging kiosk. Thispermits the staging process and subsequent fulfillment to be furtherautomated, reducing call center needs and agent time. FIG. 7 is aschematic block diagram of a system 700 for performing money transfersend and receive transactions and payment transactions, where stagingoccurs at a kiosk 720 (i.e., a terminal that includes microprocessors orother data processors for executing stored software components and inputand display means) that dispenses a staged transaction token 760 forfacilitating fulfillment. In the system as shown in FIG. 7, users 10(who at various times may be senders or recipients) use an automatedterminal or kiosk 720 to stage a transaction without contact with a liveCSR. To provide the same language capability as a multilingual staff ata call center, the kiosk may be configured with screen display setsusing multiple languages, with the language selectable by the user. Thekiosk devices 720 (only two are shown by way of example) are spread overthe geography served by a financial institution that operates the moneytransfer system. A kiosk device 720 may be built into an ATM thatperforms other functions or may be a dedicated device located at or nearan agent office. It typically has a display 721 and an input device 723,such as a keypad, touch screen or interactive voice response systems forspoken interaction. It also has a device for creating and dispensing thestaged transaction token 760. In one embodiment, the kiosk device is apersonal computer with appropriate software and a printer for producingthe tokens as described below.

One purpose of a kiosk interaction is for a used to stage a send orpayment transaction from the user to a person or entity, which may belocated in the same country or in a different country from the sender. Asecond purpose of a kiosk interaction is for a recipient to stage areceive transaction, once a committed send transaction makes fundsavailable. A common feature in both of these situations is to do thecompliance work and other transaction preparation, and to do it withouta CSR, so as to reduce the need for CSR personnel. A further feature isdispensing of the staged transaction token 760 bearing information 762that streamlines agent activity and time required in the user'sfulfillment of a staged transaction with an agent.

FIG. 7 thus also shows that persons 12 who are senders who have staged atransfer (or payment) or recipients who have staged a receivetransaction may take their staged transaction token 760 to an agentoffice where there are agent terminals 754 or to an agent point of sale(POS) device 750 that has been integrated with an FI (financialinstitution) interface 756 to make efficient use of staged transactiontokens. There may be one or more agent locations with one or more agentterminals 754 or POS devices 750 spread over the geography served by afinancial institution that operates the money transfer system (by way ofexample, only two of each are shown). The agents typically are set up tohandle at least two kinds of interactions and transactions. First, if asender 12 has previously used a kiosk and set up a send staging record,then the sender will go to the agent office to finalize the send with anactual final requested send amount with fees and to make the payment tothe agent that enables the send to be finalized. Second, if the sendtransaction has already been funded and finalized and the committedtransaction record is available for receiving (typically the recipienthas staged the receive transaction), the recipient 12 can go to an agentoffice to obtain the funds sent.

FIG. 7 shows that a kiosk 720 is used to build a send staging recordbased on information provided to the kiosk by the sender 10 or a receivestaging record based on information provided to the kiosk by a recipient10. Once a staging record is build, the user (sender or recipient) 10 isissued a staged transaction token 760, which is schematically depictedat kiosk 720 as a document with a printed bar code, and may containother information, including the alphanumerical equivalent of the barcode and brief text. The kiosk 720 is in communication with a centralcomputer system or data center 120 via a transmission path 742, whichmay be a telephone line, data line, or other wired or wireless link,e.g., a leased line or a link using the Internet. The transmission path742 terminates a communications module 124 that can pass information toand from any of the software modules running on the hardware 110 and tisoperating system 112. The software modules include applications 722 thatimplement the various kiosk-based transaction functions discussed. Thedata used by applications 722 and other software includes stagingrecords 130, records incorporating compliance rules 132, committed sendtransaction records 134 and the screen display scripts 136 in variouslanguages. These may be in one or more separate databases. In oneembodiment, separate databases are used, because the committed sendtransactions 134 are in a financial records database that is protectedwith greater security measures.

Including the screen display scripts 136 in the data center 120 permitscentral control of the kiosk functions and permits any kiosk to transactbusiness in multiple languages. Such scripts provide a number ofefficiencies in addition to opening up transactions to users of avariety of languages. The scripts may be customized to particularjurisdictions where kiosks are located, to the extent local compliancerules may require information or terms and conditions unique to ajurisdiction must be presented to users. That is, the applications 722and the library of screen display scripts 136 may include associationdata that configures use of particular scripts by kiosk location.Further, when transaction requirements change because of changes injurisdictional regulations, these changes can be implemented by softwareupdates at data center 120, which cause new screens to be projected outto the various kiosks as needed. Further, changes to procedures forstaging can be implemented by changing the screen display scripts. Noadditional CSR training is required to implement new staging procedures.

FIG. 7 also shows that agent terminals 754 and POS devices 750 (whichinclude microprocessors or other data processors for executing storedsoftware components) are in communication with the central computersystem or data center 120 via a transmission path 752, which may be atelephone line, data line, or wired or wireless link. The transmissionpath 752 terminates at the communications module 124. FIG. 7 furthershows that the central computer 120 receives updated exchange rate andfee information from data source 140, which derives the information fromvarious market data and internal sources of the financial institution.

The kiosk 720 is one implementation for automation of portions of thesystem as shown in FIG. 1. At the kiosk device 720 a user 10 is guidedthrough entry of information at a keyboard, touch-screen or othersimilar input device to provide information to and interact withsoftware applications 722 (staging software consisting of variousfunctional code components) running on a CPU at the data center 120.With the kiosk 720, the functions of the call center 32 and the CSR areperformed in an interaction of the user at the kiosk 720 with the datacenter 120 operations. Voice interactions with a CSR are replaced bytelecommunications interactions of the kiosk 720 and its software codecomponents with staging software executing at the data center 120 and/orkiosk. The user input at the kiosk 720 provides the informationnecessary to build a staging record for the desired transaction andcause it to be stored with staging records 130. Although the kiosk 720is used, in the record-building procedures for the records at thedatacenter 120 the procedures are essentially identical to thoseperformed when staging a transaction with a CSR, including the abovediscussed compliance rule application and the issuance of the retrievalkey. (The retrieval key may specify the record directly or indirectly,by pointing to a source of an address or other locator information thatin turn leads to the record.)

The user who is at a kiosk 720 dedicated solely to money transfertransactions may be presented with an introductory screen that asks fora language selection (e.g., English, Spanish, Arabic, etc.) and leadsdirectly to the screen for initiating an interaction in that language.If the kiosk is an ATM where functions other than money transfertransfers are available, the initial screen may have numerous functionalselections and may by a logo or other symbol to permit selection ofmoney transfers provided by the financial institution, which will thenlead to the introductory money transfer screen that asks for a languageselection, followed by the screen for initiating an interaction in thatlanguage.

Methods and Interactions with Staging Kiosk. FIGS. 8A-8L show a sequenceof example screens, assuming the user has selected the English language.Interactions in other languages would follow the same format to producethe same type of staging record. In FIG. 8A, the user is asked to signin to his/her account, with a user ID and a password at fields 801. Ifthe user has not set up an account, then he/she selects sign-up now andgoes through a sequence of sign-up screens in which all requiredinformation for at least one money transfer transaction of the kindsavailable at this kiosk is elicited and stored as a user profile. Thisinformation depends largely on the regulatory environment for suchtransactions.

Once the user has progressed through sign-in (or sign-up followed bysign-in), as seen in FIG. 8B, a main menu 802 is presented fortransaction type selection. In one embodiment as depicted in FIG. 8B,the options presented are: send money to a person, receive money from aperson, pay a bill, send an express payment to a company or receivemoney to a prepaid card. Other options may be presented in othersystems, such as purchase of items, e.g., phone cards, stamps, or othervending services. A money transfer estimator and agent locator window804 may be presented on the same screen. If the user selected “sendmoney to a person,” then transaction information is solicited, includingselection from the options shown across the second menu line at the topof FIG. 8C, e.g., send same day service, send economy service, as wellas from a drop down menu of further service sub-options, such as “10minute service.” Thus, the transaction type selection screens allow bothtype and sub-type (e.g., a particular service) selection, resulting in atransaction type identifier being stored that may have more than onecomponent to express all the selections. In FIG. 8C, the screen for“send same day service” is shown. Here the user is asked for the basictransaction information 808: destination country, delivery service(timing, mode of delivery and other options as offered by the financialinstitution) and amount to send. In a right hand portion of the screen,again a money transfer estimator and agent locator window 804 may bepresented. A further screen shown at FIG. 8D calls for senderinformation 810, seeking the specific information called for by thefields shown. There may be a further screen as shown at FIG. 8E or FIG.8F that seeks additional information for sender identification 811, 812,with FIG. 8F showing the greater amount of information 812 that may becalled for when a higher value transaction is involved. In oneembodiment, the sender information screens may be pre-populated, basedon the user profile stored at sign-up.

FIG. 8G calls for receiver information 814, seeking the specificinformation called for by the fields shown. If the sender does not wishto use a test question, a simplified form of the receiver information816 may be elicited, as seen at FIG. 8H. In FIG. 8I is shown the screenfor presenting for confirmation the transaction information (includingpricing) that will become the basis for a staging record and providingthe Next button 822 to indicate confirmation and move to completion.

In FIG. 8J is shown the terms and conditions display with buttons tocancel 831 or accept 832 the transaction per the details confirmed andterms and conditions presented. The user is also given the option toprint out the terms and conditions with button 834. To the extent theseneed to be varied by jurisdiction, as noted, a library of terms andconditions may be maintained on kiosk 720 or on the system 120 (inscreen display scripts 136, see FIG. 7) for display at the kiosk 720.Thus, the kiosk permits the financial institution to present anddocument acceptance of the legal terms and conditions. The storedstaging record may include all the send/payment record informationfields shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B above and may include a field to recorduser acceptance in association with a date/time, e.g., as part ofAdditional Transaction Information 522, 578 or 622 shown above (seeFIGS. 5A, 5B, 6). Clear and early indication of agreement to all termsand conditions governing the transfer can be documented in the datacenter 120 with a direct response from the user.

Assuming the user selects “I accept,” the user moves to the displayscreen shown in FIG. 8K. This shows the image of a staged transactiontoken 840 that will be printed and dispensed from the kiosk 720 forlater use by the user. The token image 840 includes a bar code image 843that includes certain encoded staging transaction information. In oneembodiment, this information includes a retrieval key or referencenumber for the transaction that has been staged, the amount of thetransaction and any agent identification that may be associated with thestaging kiosk 720. The user selects the action of printing with button844 and will receive the printed token 760 on a slip of paper or otherprintable substrate dispensed from the kiosk 720. In other embodiments,the token dispensed may be a card with a memory strip, an RFID device orother similar machine-readable token capable of storing unique stagedtransaction information developed at the kiosk. A final screen shown inFIG. 8L shows a closing message 850 for the user, with instructions onwhat to do next; i.e., instructions on transaction fulfillment.

For security purposes, it may be desirable that one or more fields ofinformation stored on the token 760 are encoded. For example, it may bedesirable to encode the retrieval number as a bar code or its printedalphanumeric equivalent, so that the number on the token 760 is not theactual number identifying a staging record at the data center 120, butrather one that can be decoded into that number by decoding software atthe data center 120 or the agent terminal. The same may be true of anyencoded transaction amount. Also, special hash or other authenticationcodes derived from the transaction information may be included toevidence authorization of the token by the financial institution. Suchsecurity measures to encrypt or authenticate the content of a token 360help prevent use or acceptance of fraudulent tokens.

Referring again to FIG. 7, use at an agent of a staged transaction token760 printed from the token image 840 is described. The user takes thetoken 760 to an agent location, which may be adjacent the kiosk or atsome distance. Here fulfillment of the staged transaction can occur. Thetoken 760, with its bar code 162 and alphanumeric equivalent, helpsspeed and facilitate fulfillment. The lower half of FIG. 7 shows twodifferent equipment situations that may exist at the agent. In oneembodiment the agent location has an agent terminal 754 thatcommunicates directly to the financial institution data processingsystem 120. This terminal 754 may be equipped with a token reader 755that reads the bar-code or other information from the token 760 and usesthat to formulate a message to the system 120 requesting retrieval ofthe staged transaction record identified by the token 760. If the agentterminal does not have a token reader 755, then the agent can readalphanumeric characters 764 printed on the token and key those in, toprepare the same staging record retrieval message to system 120.

In another embodiment, the agent has a POS device 750 that has aconventional bar code or other scanner for reading barcodes (using SKU,UPC or other conventional or custom barcoding systems) on products,coupons or the like that are part of the conventional POS activities.(If the token 760 is a card with a magnetic stripe or other storagedevice, the reader is of a type that permits that card to be scanned andread.) This permits the token 760 to be machine scanned/read and thescanned data taken in like other items (e.g., purchased products)handled by the POS device, except that the POS device is integrated withan FI interface 756 with a filter that checks bar code data read andthat shunts a predefined set of staged transaction barcodes to beprocessed by the FI interface 756. The set of bar codes sensed by thefilter may be based on a single PI code or a set of codes that areunique relative to other bar codes that that the POS may encounter forother (non-money transfer) POS transactions. The FI interface filterdetects the barcodes that represent tokens calling for money transfertransaction fulfillment and, as with the agent terminals 754, formulatesa message to the system 120 requesting retrieval of the staging recordidentified by the token 760. Thus, the POS device 750 is integrated withthe FI interface 756, so that the FI interface 756 can recognize atoken-derived bar code as a staged transaction that needs to befulfilled (as opposed to, e.g., a candy bar purchase) and initiates amessage to the financial institution system 120. The same POS device 750will perform normal processing of scannable items other than stagedtransaction tokens (e.g., item price look-up, inventory adjustment,etc., in the case of a product bar code). It will pass the bar codesscanned to the data systems 770 provided by the POS operator for itstraditional transactions, and may enter the bar code from a token 760into records for the POS entity as a matter of agent record-keeping.Thus, the POS operator may track the money transfer transactions in aseparate accounting system or the same one that receives othertransactions from the POS.

In either embodiment where the bar code of a staged transaction token760 is automatically read or manually entered, the information read fromthe token 760 is passed to the financial institution data center 120,where it is parsed for a retrieval key (and authentication data or otherencoded data as desired). The transaction type or other encodedinformation also may be recognized. The corresponding staging record isfound (or an exception noted and communicated to the agent, if notfound) and the staged transaction can be handled by the agent forfulfillment. To aid fulfillment, the financial institution transmits tothe POS device 750 or agent terminal 754 attendant step-by-stepinstructions to guide the attendant in the actions required fortransaction fulfillment and to capture accounting and regulatory datafor the transaction. At this point the actions of the operator/agent arevery similar to those for transaction fulfillment without a tokenalready discussed above, except that where the token has been scanned,the operator has not needed to enter any data into any device in orderfor the transaction to be recognized, the staging record found and theinstructions for fulfillment sent. The attendant/agent need only enterdata not previously finalized or any that might be required at the timeof fulfillment. Where it is known that the POS attendant typically willnot frequently see money transfer transactions, the instructions can beprepared to provide appropriate detail for guidance, including graphicalcues and images that may aid any identification checks required.

For example, in the case of a send transaction, the token 760 causes thecorresponding send transaction staging record to be located. The agentcan confirm the total amount of payment due, confirm that compliancerules have been complied with or ask for identification to effect thatand collect cash or other permitted payment from the user. Once theagent completes these actions, the transaction is no longer in the formof a staging record awaiting fulfillment; it becomes a committed send inthe committed send transaction records.

For a further example, in the case of a receive transaction, the token760 when read at the POS causes the corresponding receive transactionstaging record to be located. The agent can confirm the receivetransaction is still open and the amount of payment to be made torecipient, confirm that compliance rules have been complied with or askfor identification to effect that and pay cash or money orders to theuser. Once the agent completes these actions, the transaction is nolonger in the form of a receive staging record awaiting fulfillment; itbecomes a completed receive transaction record.

To further illustrate the method of using a staged transaction token 760for fulfillment, FIG. 9 shows a flowchart of the process 900 at anintegrated POS as just described. The user, having been issued a token760 at a kiosk 720, takes it to an agent location. At step 902, thebarcode is scanned as an item and read at a POS device, such as abarcode reader-equipped check-out register. At step 904, the FIinterface 756 applies a filter to determine if the barcode read is for amoney transfer. This may be recognized by a transaction type codeembedded in the barcode or other encoded indicia in the barcode. If thebarcode is not for a money transfer, then the usual POS processing ofthe item as determined by the agent location occurs at step 906. If thebarcode read is for a money transfer, then at step 908, the FI interface756 prepares a message to the financial institution data center 120 thatincludes retrieval key data. At step 910, the data center 120 determinesif a corresponding staging record is found. If the retrieval key doesnot lead to a staging record, then the transaction is rejected and thedata center 120 provides a rejection message to the POS for delivery toa user at step 912. If the retrieval key does lead to a staging record,then the transaction proceeds. At step 914, compliance rules are appliedto make a final check that the transaction about to be completedcomplies with applicable regulations. If the compliance rules are notmet, then the transaction is rejected and the data center 120 provides arejection message to the POS for delivery to a user at step 912. Ifcompliance is found, at step 920, the data center 120 initiates acontrol component to cause a set of instructions for handling thetransaction to be displayed at the POS. These instructions specify thecollection of cash to fund a send or payment transaction and anyidentification check required for compliance; or the instructions mayspecify the forms and amounts for payment and security questions orcompliance procedures for dispensing of payment to a recipient. That is,the POS operator is guided by instructions that specify each step in thefulfillment transaction, responsive to the transaction type and based onthe staging record information. At step 922, the user and agent completethe fulfillment interaction at the POS. At step 924, the POS devicesends a transaction fulfillment completion record to the data center 120so that the transaction can be shown in the record data 724 asfulfilled. The POS device also may send data to any accounting system ofthe POS operator.

It can be seen from these examples that use of the staged transactiontoken 760 has multiple advantages. The data may be read automaticallyfrom the token, avoiding the possibility of operator error. To initiateretrieval, the operator does not need to perform any manual entry, whichis time consuming. Further, for a POS system with a bar code reader andFI interface the money transfer transactions become better integratedinto the agent's POS equipment and accounting systems. The bar code isread and need only be recognized as a transaction involving thefinancial institution. Initiation of the user-agent fulfillmentinteraction occurs without encountering any language problems that mightarise if the user and the agent personnel have no common language. Thus,the retrieval data can be efficiently captured and communicated to thefinancial institution and greater automation is possible.

Although the present invention has been described with reference topreferred embodiments, persons skilled in the art will recognize thatchanges may be made in form and detail without departing from the spiritand scope of the invention.

1. A method comprising: a data center receiving recipient identificationinformation, wherein the recipient is a biller having an account for abill payment transaction available at a device; identifying a stagingrecord for the recipient at the data center in communication with thedevice via a network; identifying compliance data corresponding to thestaging record and a transaction pointer that may be used to locate asend transaction record including sender information and a send amount;testing the compliance data for consistency with a compliance windowbased on compliance rules for the send amount, the sender informationand the recipient information, wherein the transaction proceeds ifconsistent with the compliance rules and the transaction is rejected ifthe compliance rules are not met; and the data center communicating datawith the device configured for displaying on the device a token imagefor fulfillment of the transaction, wherein the token image includes abar code; and wherein the bar code is readable at a point of sale deviceto locate the staging record and confirm a total amount of payment duefor a payment amount to be made to the recipient.
 2. The method of claim1, wherein the data center communicating data with the device uses awireless link.
 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the total amount ofpayment due comprises cash.
 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the totalamount of payment due comprises fees paid to an agent who provides aconsumer receipt having a reference number for referencing thetransaction.
 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising creditingpayment to the account of the biller, wherein a status field in thestaging record goes from unpaid to paid.
 6. The method of claim 1,wherein information is automatically read from the bar code by the pointof sale device, and further comprising parsing the information at thedata center for a retrieval key leading to the staging record.
 7. Themethod of claim 1, wherein the bar code is printable on paper or otherprintable substrate to provide the token image to be scanned by thepoint of sale device.
 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the token imagecomprises an alphanumerical equivalent of the bar code.
 9. The method ofclaim 1, wherein the bar code is readable by a point of sale scannerdevice configured for reading conventional barcoding and to recognize atoken-derived bar code as a transaction to be fulfilled.
 10. Anon-transitory, computer-readable data storage medium having applicationsoftware stored thereon, the application software executable on aprocessor of a device to perform a method comprising: receivingrecipient identification information, wherein the recipient is a billerhaving an account for a bill payment transaction available via thedevice; wherein a staging record and corresponding compliance data forthe bill payment transaction are identified for the recipient via a datacenter in communication with the user device via a network, wherein atransaction pointer may be used to locate a send transaction recordincluding sender information and a send amount; wherein the compliancedata are tested at the data center for consistency with a compliancewindow based on compliance rules for the send amount, the senderinformation and the recipient information, wherein the transactionproceeds if consistent with the compliance rules and the transaction isrejected if the compliance rules are not met; and displaying a tokenimage on the user device for fulfillment of the transaction, wherein thetoken image includes a code scannable at a point of sale device tolocate the staging record and confirm a total amount of payment due forthe bill payment transaction.
 11. The data storage medium of claim 10,wherein the communication with the data center uses a wireless link. 12.The data storage medium of claim 10, wherein an applicable compliancejurisdiction for the transaction is derived using a GPS location signal.13. The data storage medium of claim 10, wherein information isautomatically read from the bar code and parsed for a retrieval keyleading to the staging record.
 14. The data storage method of claim 10,wherein the bar code is printable on paper or other printable substrateto provide the token image to be read by the point of sale device. 15.The data storage medium of claim 10, wherein the total amount of paymentdue comprises cash and includes fees paid to an agent providing aconsumer receipt having a reference number for referencing thetransaction.
 16. The data storage medium of claim 10, wherein payment iscredited to the account of the biller and a status of the transactiongoes from unpaid to paid.
 17. A system comprising: a communicationsmodule configured to receive recipient identification information,wherein the recipient is a biller having an account for a bill paymenttransaction available via a device; a processor configured to identify astaging record for the recipient at the data center in communicationwith the device via a network; identifying compliance data for the billpayment transaction and a transaction pointer that may be used to locatea send transaction record including sender information and a sendamount; and a software module configured for testing the compliance datafor consistency with a compliance window based on compliance rules forthe send amount, the sender information and the recipient information,wherein the transaction proceeds if consistent with the compliance rulesand the transaction is rejected if the compliance rules are not met;wherein the device comprises a display for displaying on the device atoken image for fulfillment of the transaction, the token imageincluding a code; and wherein the code is readable at a point of saledevice to locate the staging record and confirm a total amount ofpayment due to settle a payment amount to the biller's account.
 18. Thesystem of claim 17, wherein the communications module communicates withthe device via the internet or a wireless link.
 19. The system of claim17, wherein the code readable at the point of sale device comprises abar code or alphanumeric equivalent printed on paper, a card, or otherprintable substrate.
 20. The system of claim 17, wherein the stagingrecord stays available as a reusable staging record until an expirationdate.